Past, present and future thoughts on educational architecture

Author: Petar Milivojevic
NZ - Campbells Bay School

As student learning environments continue to evolve, so does the architecture that sustains them. We caught up with Petar Milivojevic, our Director of Architecture for Education and discussed the evolution of educational spaces. From reflecting on the past to envisioning future trends in learning environments in Aotearoa, Petar shares his insights. 
As student learning environments continue to evolve, so does the architecture that sustains them. We caught up with Petar Milivojevic, our Director of Architecture for Education and discussed the evolution of educational spaces.
Tell us about your role with GHD
I am the Director of Architecture for Education, based in Tamaki Makaurau Auckland. I've dedicated over a decade of my career to GHD, focusing on institutional and commercial architecture. A key part of my role involves working closely with the Ministry of Education to design innovative learning environments for schools across Aotearoa.  
What does your day-to-day look like?

Every day is unique; however, you'll often find me in the early hours of the morning, fully immersed in the creative process. From crafting initial concept sketches to detailing designs.

Leading a team of architects, we collaborate closely with clients, GHD engineers, interior designers and contractors to ensure every project aligns with the client's vision.

What do you love most about working within the education sector?

I love working and collaborating with the end users of the projects, both students and teachers. Their dreams are bold and their gratitude is always so genuine. They have limitless imagination and a fearsome appetite for new things which gives us so much scope to try new things!

What does the creative process look like for you?
My creative process begins with diving deep into the project brief to fully understand the client's needs, the budget, surrounding environment and regulatory requirements. I regularly use thought maps which are a great tool for brainstorming and organising my thoughts, allowing me to explore every facet of the design. 
What do you find most rewarding in your job?
Working in a multidisciplinary environment such as GHD where solutions, second opinions, references or new approaches to existing problems can be easily shared. This not only benefits the designer directly but also creates a ripple effect that influences the project and ultimately, delivers greater benefits to the client.
What inspires your work?
While it might not be directly tied to architecture, the philosophy embraced by German car manufacturers captures an essential principle: when something works well, it often looks good! This sentiment is often expressed about the Spitfire airplane: "If it looks this good, it's bound to fly well!" This notion illustrates the connection between form and function, a principle that resonates within architecture.
When you think back to yourself at school, what do you remember most in terms of its architecture?

Much of my education took place in Central Europe, where architectural styles were influenced by the region's climate. I remember the buildings being characterised by thick walls, high ceilings, multiple floors and long internal corridors, with limited outdoor access. Reflecting on this makes me feel nostalgic (and also a little claustrophobic!)

In contrast, learning environments here in Aotearoa are now more flexible, featuring open-plan layouts that seamlessly integrate indoor and outdoor spaces. The focus is directly on students' well-being and how they will utilise the space, which represents a departure from traditional learning environments. This shift is something I find inspiring and progressive!

As learning environments evolve, what stands out to you as the most significant change?

Embracing flexible ways of working has definitely become the norm. When we compare it to the traditional setup where we were confined to our desks, it's evident how much freedom was lacking. We all have unique learning styles, and the old approach, with its year-round desk-bound routine, didn't cater to those who struggled with that format.

There’s a refreshing shift towards flexibility in learning environments, championed by the Ministry of Education and schools alike. One noticeable change is the increase in class sizes, often with two teachers present. This brings more activity and noise into the classroom, however it's amazing to see how well the students have adjusted.

Outdoor learning spaces are also gaining traction, offering exploration, movement and natural elements to enhance the learning experience.

Can you elaborate on what flexible learning environments mean?

In essence, flexible learning environments are designed to accommodate different teaching styles, activities and group styles. They’re designed to be versatile, transitioning easily between different modes of learning to foster collaboration, creativity and engagement. With features like modular furniture, natural light, outdoor learning and versatile multipurpose areas and a focus on accessibility and inclusivity, these environments are designed to adapt to future needs.

What are the benefits of flexible learning environments?
Apart from the ability to use the same space for various purposes, the main benefit of flexible environments lies in their future-proofing capability. Given the uncertainty surrounding the future of teaching and learning methods, having adaptable spaces ensures that educational facilities can easily evolve to meet changing needs and preferences.
Where do you envision New Zealand's learning spaces heading in the future?

The education landscape changed for good following the recent global pandemic. In my perspective, we're on the brink of a significant transition from traditional face-to-face learning to a hybrid model that incorporates online elements. This shift requires rethinking how we utilise both physical and virtual spaces—a trend that is being observed on a global scale.

What key elements are consistently included in every design brief for educational projects?

Sustainability, inclusivity and adaptability, while following the Designing Quality Learning Spaces requirements are the core pillars that consistently feature in every design brief. The key is to ensure that the design fits within budget parameters, minimises disruption and can be delivered efficiently.

We’ve been able to achieve far greater efficiencies in our design process by re-purposing our approach, rather than creating a bespoke design every time, using consistency in materials selection – which contributes to savings in the construction phase, plus working with the same contractors across multiple projects really helps to stream-line the build process.

If you could offer advice to those aspiring to become an architect, what would it be?
Be brave with your ideas but also be brave enough to throw good ones away too. Trust that you’ll have the opportunity to use them another time. 

The evolving landscape of learning environments in Aotearoa New Zealand

Author